6-sistemy-pitaniya-i-upravleniya.html

6. Power supply systems and managements

Placed in a fuel tank electric pogruzhny fuel наос functions under control of ECM and it is activated when giving from the module of a signal of grounding on the pump relay. An electric food is kept on the relay during till 5 seconds at inclusion of ignition and during the whole time of a provorachivaniye of the engine by a starter.

The relay also remains zapitanny during the whole time of delivery for signal ECM «180 °» from the sensor of provision of a camshaft (CMP).

The pump provides supply of fuel under a pressure to the fuel highway. Pressure of fuel in injectors is supervised by the special regulator placed in the returnable line between the highway and fuel tank. The regulator of pressure consists of two separate tight chambers (fuel and spring), divided among themselves a diaphragm. In the fuel chamber gasoline arrives through similar port from the fuel highway, in the spring chamber depression from the inlet pipeline moves. Such principle of management of a diaphragm allows to support pressure of fuel in the highway at the set level depending on the current load of the engine. So, on single turns depth of depression in the inlet pipeline is rather great that leads to a deflection of a diaphragm and branch back in a fuel tank of bigger amount of fuel. Squeezing of a pedal of an accelerator leads to decrease in depth of depression in the pipeline, the effort thus developed by a spring leads to diaphragm shift, a perekryvaniye of the returnable line and, as a result, increase in pressure of injection.

ECM defines duration of opening of valves of injectors on the basis of the analysis of information arriving from sensors of the provision of a camshaft (CMP) and measurement of weight of air (MAF). The width of developed ECM of command impulses defines quality injected into chambers of combustion of an air and fuel mix.

So enrichment of a mix is made by the management module in the following situations:

• At engine start;
• During engine warming up;
• At acceleration;
• At work in a hot mode;
• When switching AT from the situation "N" in situation "D";
• In functioning modes with the raised loading.

Pauperization of a mix is made:

• At a deseleratsiya (braking by the engine);
• When functioning engine on high turns.

The feedback organized through a lambda probe allows ECM to make thin corrections of quality of the air and fuel mix, allowing to achieve the maximum return from the engine at a minimum level of toxicity of products of combustion. The rupture of a chain of feedback occurs to transition to a mode of continuous functioning in the following situations:

• During engine start;
• Till warming up a lambda probe to normal working temperature;
• At movement with high speeds with raised load of the engine;
• At refusals in a chain a lambda probe;
• During a deseleratsiya;
• At engine overheats.

Fuel injectors represent the small electromagnetic valves possessing high level of controllability. Opening of valves occurs on given-out ECM to the signals having a form of rectangular impulses and leads to high-pressure head injection of fuel directly in chambers of combustion of the engine. The necessary pressure is provided with the fuel pump and supervised by a pressure regulator (see above).

Essential influence on fuel consumption renders style of driving. Some councils on reasonable use of a pedal of an accelerator on equipped with system of injection of fuel cars below are given:

• In any weather (even in a frost) begin movement right after implementation of start of the engine;
• At a car stop for a while more for 40 seconds, suppress the engine;
• Try to move always on the highest transfer;
• On distant trips try to support constant speed of movement. Avoid movement on excessively high speeds. Operate the car circumspectly, avoid causeless braking;
• Transport the car excessive cargo, in the absence of need remove from a roof the top luggage carrier;
• Regularly check pressure of a rating of tires — try not to allow its excessive decrease.

Security measures and rules of observance of purity at work with fuel system

General rules

• Do not come nearer to a venue of works with open fire or the lit cigaret. Always keep in readiness the fire extinguisher.
• Fuel pairs are poisonous — watch ensuring normal ventilation of a workplace.
• The fuel system is under pressure. When opening system fuel can escape from it under pressure — before an otpuskaniye of shtutserny sockets turn them rags. Use goggles.
• At work with components of a power supply system of the diesel engine observe special precautionary measures. In a special measure this statement belongs to procedures of service of nozzles. Remember that pressure of fuel on an exit makes about 1100 atmospheres of nozzles — do not substitute under a stream of a hand and other parts of a body.
• Collars of tape and tightening type are applied to fastening of shlangovy connections. After a detachment of hoses it is necessary to replace tightening collars tape or worm. Fixing of locks of some collars demands use of special adaptations — consult with experts firm HUNDRED Opel.
• Before undocking of shtutserny sockets carefully wipe them outside in order to avoid dirt hit in a path.
• Removed components stack on a pure lining and turn in polyethylene or paper — avoid application for rubbing and a reversing of components ворсящейся rags.
• If repair demands time, track, that all open openings in knots and components of a power supply system were carefully muffled.
• Establish into place only pure details. Spare parts take out from packing only directly ahead of installation. Do not apply details which were stored unpacked (for example, in a tool box).
• Avoid application of the compressed air at an open fuel path. Whenever possible try not to move the car.
• Do not apply some hermetics containing silicone. The particles which have got to the engine of silicone do not burn down and damage a lambda probe can be at the bottom.

Security measures at removal of a fuel tank

• Before removal of a tank merge from it fuel or pump out it pump specially provided for this purpose.
• The fuel tank acts in film from the bottom party of the car. Before an otpuskaniye of assembly tapes, prop up a tank from below a telezhechny jack — lay between a tank and a jack head wooden whetstone.
• The empty tank is explosive and before utilization should be cut on a part — try not to allow when cutting a tank of an iskroobrazovaniye. It will be most correct to hand over a tank in special place of acceptance.
• After installation of a tank start the engine and check tightness of all connections.